The RFID Door Lock System using an Arduino Board

The Basic requirement of safety can be conquered by designing several door locks for security like electrical locks and mechanical locks. The designing of these door locks can be designed with one or multiple keys, but for securing a big area we need various locks. Normally, old-style locks are weighty and that are not solid as they can harm simply by using some gears. Electronic locks are superior over mechanical locks, to resolve the problems of security that are allied with the mechanical locks. Nowadays, every device uses digital technology. For a sample, door lock system using digital technology, recognition of digital device using a token, automatic door closing and opening, RFID door lock systems, etc. These kinds of systems are used for movement controlling of a door without using a key.

RFID Door Lock System Using Arduino

The automatic RFID door lock system uses an RFID reader and Arduino board.

Arduino UNO Board

An Arduino UNO Board is one kind of a microcontroller board based on the Atmega Microcontroller family. It includes digital I/O pins-14. Analog i/ps-6, ICSP header, an RST (reset) button, a USB, a 16 Hertz quartz crystal, and also a power jack. It covers all preferred to backing the microcontroller. It is only connected to a computer through a USB cable.

RFID Technology

The RFID reader is one kind of wireless module used for transferring the data to identify and track tags which are connected to objects. The RFID tag mainly includes the stored information. Some of the RFID tags are run by electromagnetic induction from magnetic fields formed nearby the reader. RFID reader comprises an RF module, that works as a both transmitter as well as a receiver of RF (radio frequency) signals.

The TX of the RF module is inbuilt with an oscillator to make the carrier frequency. A modulator to intrude commands upon this carrier signal and an amplifier to raise the signal sample to wake the tag. The RX (receiver) of the RFID module contains a demodulator to remove the returned information and also grips an amplifier for supporting the signal of processing. A microprocessor is used for forming the control unit, which uses an operating system, a memory of the module filter and also stores the data.

Arduino and RFID based Door Lock System

The Interfacing of RFID reader with an Arduino board can be done by the following steps.

The requirement of power supply for RFID readers alters from one product to another. There are numerous RFID readers are existing in the market with voltages like 5v, 9v & 12v. But, in this project, a 12v RFID reader is obtained for an interfacing. You may check the RFID tags and RFID reader are frequency compatible.

RFID reader provides mostly two possible outputs such as RS232 compatible o/p and TTL compatible o/p. A compatible o/p pin of the TTL can be associated directly with an Arduino board, while the RS232 compatible output pin must be changed to TTL by using an RS232 to TTL converter

The circuit diagram of an automatic RFID door lock system using an Arduino board and RFID reader is shown below. The following circuit is mainly used for an interfacing of RFID reader with an Arduino board. The proposed system can be enhanced by connecting an LCD display for displaying the outputs. This circuit of this project mainly uses three separate parts such as a door lock, a reader, and a controller. Where a reader reads the RFID tags, a controller is used for accepting the information from the RFID reader, controlling the o/p of the door lock and also RGB LED.

The installation of this project can be checked by placing the RFID door lock on a door and testing with a battery.In many incidents, we require a simple circuit for the door lock, which means the automatic door stops locked when there is current flow.When 12V DC is delivered through the electromagnet in the system, a plate in the door lock gives away to let the door be open easily.

The RFID reader is located on the outside of the door and it is disconnected from the controller. So no one can avoid the safety by breaking open the RFID reader & trying to short-circuit the reader. The controller used in this project gets serial info from the RFID and regulates the Door lock and also the LED.

So from the information in the above given, finally we can conclude that, whenever any person swipes with correct RFID tag, then the control system will be approved. In the same way, whenever the person swipes with an illegal RFID card, then the information will not be loaded and entree will be denied.

Thus, this is all about Arduino RFID door lock system and working. We hope that you have got a better understanding of this concept. Furthermore, any doubts regarding this concept or to implement any security system based projects, please give your valuable suggestions by commenting in the comment section below. Here is a question for you, what is the function of an RFID reader?